{"product_id":"analog-ph-sensor","title":"Analog pH Sensor","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"n6owBd awi2gc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIAhAA\" data-processed=\"true\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 12px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan data-subtree=\"aimfl\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eAn \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eanalog pH sensor\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e measures the hydrogen-ion concentration in a liquid, outputting a continuous voltage signal that maps to a 0–14 pH scale. These modules consist of two primary parts: an \u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eelectrochemical glass probe\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e (with a BNC connector) and a \u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-processed=\"true\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003esignal conditioning amplifier board\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"n6owBd awi2gc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIAxAA\" data-processed=\"true\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 12px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eBecause the raw probe generates microscopic millivolt fluctuations with incredibly high internal impedance, the onboard amplifier stabilizes and scales the signal so standard microcontrollers like Arduino or ESP8266 can interpret it.\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"Fsg96\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"j3tEEe\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-pl=\"|[]\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 32px auto; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(128, 128, 128);\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"Fsg96\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"otQkpb\" aria-level=\"3\" role=\"heading\" data-animation-nesting=\"\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 600; margin: 24px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHardware \u0026amp; Interface Pinout\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"n6owBd awi2gc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIBhAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 12px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eMost hobbyist and industrial analog pH modules  use a standard interface:\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"KsbFXc U6u95\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 12px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"Z1qcYe\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIBxAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eVCC:\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e 5V DC Power input (some upgraded boards support 3.3V–5.5V).\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"Z1qcYe\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIBxAB\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eGND:\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e Ground connection (often has two pins that must both be grounded).\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"Z1qcYe\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIBxAC\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003ePO \/ A0:\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e Analog pH voltage output. Connects directly to a microcontroller’s Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) pin.\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"Z1qcYe\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIBxAD\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eDO:\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e Digital Output. Flips HIGH\/LOW based on a user-defined threshold set by an onboard dial.\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"Z1qcYe\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIBxAE\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eTO:\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e Temperature Output. Provides raw data for temperature software compensation.\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"Z1qcYe\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIBxAF\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eTRIMMER 1 (Offset):\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e Built-in potentiometer to adjust the midpoint voltage (2.5V) at a neutral pH 7.0.\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"Fsg96\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"j3tEEe\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-pl=\"|[]\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 32px auto; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(128, 128, 128);\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"Fsg96\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"otQkpb\" aria-level=\"3\" role=\"heading\" data-animation-nesting=\"\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 600; margin: 24px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHow It Works (The Science)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003col class=\"IaGLZe VimKh\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 12px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"Z1qcYe\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIChAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eIon Exchange:\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e The glass bulb at the tip of the probe is sensitive to H+ ions. Submerging the probe triggers an electrochemical reaction between the liquid and the inner reference buffer.\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"Z1qcYe\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIChAD\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eVoltage Generation:\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e Based on the \u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eNernst Equation\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e, a potential difference (voltage) builds between the internal measuring electrode and the reference electrode.\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"Z1qcYe\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIChAG\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eThe Swing:\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e A neutral solution (pH 7.0) outputs exactly 0mV from the glass. Acidic solutions (pH \u0026lt; 7) generate a positive voltage, while alkaline solutions (pH \u0026gt; 7) yield a negative voltage.\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"Z1qcYe\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIChAJ\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eSignal Conditioning:\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e Because microcontrollers cannot read negative voltages, the signal conditioning board shifts the baseline upward. Typically, a neutral pH 7.0 is mapped to output exactly 2.5V.\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"Fsg96\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"j3tEEe\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-pl=\"|[]\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 32px auto; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(128, 128, 128);\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"Fsg96\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"otQkpb\" aria-level=\"3\" role=\"heading\" data-animation-nesting=\"\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 600; margin: 24px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eArduino Wiring\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"Fsg96\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"AdPoic\" aria-level=\"3\" role=\"heading\" data-animation-nesting=\"\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-processed=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 24px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eWiring Diagram\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"Fsg96\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"Fv6NCb\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-ved=\"2ahUKEwiiqbGrgPiUAxXcTKQEHWgpF1oQ-q4QegYIAAgOEAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 4px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"NRefec\" data-animation-nesting=\"\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003ctr class=\"cZCYO\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"iry6k\" colspan=\"undefined\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(54, 56, 64);\"\u003eSensor Board Pin\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"iry6k\" colspan=\"undefined\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(54, 56, 64);\"\u003eArduino Pin\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr class=\"cZCYO\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"cOeeGf\" colspan=\"undefined\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(54, 56, 64);\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eVCC\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"cOeeGf\" colspan=\"undefined\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(54, 56, 64);\"\u003e5V\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr class=\"cZCYO\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"cOeeGf\" colspan=\"undefined\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(54, 56, 64);\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eGND\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"cOeeGf\" colspan=\"undefined\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(54, 56, 64);\"\u003eGND\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr class=\"cZCYO\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"cOeeGf\" colspan=\"undefined\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003ePO\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"cOeeGf\" colspan=\"undefined\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eA0\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c!--TgQPHd|[[1,0,0,2,null,\u0026quot;\u0026quot;]]--\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"Fsg96\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"AdPoic\" aria-level=\"3\" role=\"heading\" data-animation-nesting=\"\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 24px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eConversion Logic\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"n6owBd awi2gc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIEBAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 12px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eThe relationship between the output voltage and the pH scale is strictly linear. The mathematical model utilizes a defined step-slope (0.18V per pH unit change) combined with an offset variable:\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"n6owBd awi2gc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIERAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 12px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003epH = 7.0 + ((2.5 - V_out) \/ Slope)\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"n6owBd awi2gc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIERAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 12px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"n6owBd awi2gc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIERAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 12px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"otQkpb\" aria-level=\"3\" role=\"heading\" data-animation-nesting=\"\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 600; margin: 24px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEssential Calibration Procedure\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"n6owBd awi2gc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIFhAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 12px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eAnalog pH probes drift over time due to temperature changes and glass aging. You must calibrate them before your first reading:\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003col class=\"IaGLZe VimKh\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 12px 0px 16px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"Z1qcYe\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIFxAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eHardware Offset:\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e Unplug the BNC probe entirely and short-circuit the inner pin of the board's BNC connector to its outer metal shield using a wire. Power the board and adjust \u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eTRIMMER 1\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e until the voltage on the \u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003ePO\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e pin reads exactly 2.50V.\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"Z1qcYe\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIFxAD\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eMidpoint Calibration:\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e Reconnect the probe, rinse it thoroughly in distilled water, and submerge it into a standard \u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003epH 7.0 buffer solution\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e. Wait two minutes for the reading to stabilize, then adjust your software's offset until your output reads exactly 7.00.\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"Z1qcYe\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAAIFxAG\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003e\u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003eSlope Calibration:\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e Rinse the probe again and place it into a \u003cstrong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Google Sans, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"\u003epH 4.0 (or 10.0) buffer solution\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e. Adjust the multiplier step factor (the 0.18 value in your code) until the display perfectly matches the value of the solution.\u003c!--TgQPHd|[]--\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"K-TECHNICS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42858576773191,"sku":null,"price":3350.0,"currency_code":"KES","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0680\/7637\/2039\/files\/PHsensor_1.jpg?v=1780933963","url":"https:\/\/www.ktechnics.com\/products\/analog-ph-sensor","provider":"K-TECHNICS","version":"1.0","type":"link"}