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MPU6050 accelerometer gyroscope

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KSh450.00

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The MPU-6050 is a highly popular, low-cost 6-Axis Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) that integrates a 3-axis accelerometer, a 3-axis gyroscope, and a temperature sensor onto a single silicon chip. Manufactured by InvenSense, it is widely used in DIY electronics, robotics, drones, smartphones, and self-balancing platforms because of its precision and ease of use.
Core Technical Specifications
The module uses 16-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) for each of its channels, allowing it to capture X, Y, and Z tracking data simultaneously with high precision.
  • Operating Voltage: 3V to 5V (Most breakout boards like the GY-521 include an onboard voltage regulator).
  • Communication Protocol: Standard I²C serial bus interface.
  • Default I²C Addresses: 0x68 (default) or 0x69 (if the AD0 pin is pulled high).
  • Gyroscope Range: Programmable full-scale ranges of ±250, ±500, ±1000, and ±2000°/sec.
  • Accelerometer Range: Programmable full-scale ranges of ±2g, ±4g, ±8g, and ±16g.
Key Internal Components
  1. 3-Axis Accelerometer: Measures linear acceleration and gravitational forces along the X, Y, and Z axes. It works by detecting changes in internal capacitance when a micro-machined mass shifts due to motion. It is ideal for determining static tilt angles relative to Earth's gravity.
  2. 3-Axis Gyroscope: Measures angular velocity (rotational speed) around the X, Y, and Z axes. Utilizing the Coriolis effect, it outputs values in degrees per second. It excels at capturing sudden, fast movements.
  3. Digital Motion Processor (DMP): An onboard processor capable of offloading heavy mathematical computations from your main microcontroller. It can fuse raw data to directly calculate quaternions or Euler angles (roll, pitch, yaw).
  4. Temperature Sensor: Built primarily to help calibrate sensor data drift caused by heat variations, but it can also be read directly to get environmental temperature.
Hardware Connection & Pinout (GY-521 Module)
Most hobbyists use the sensor via the standard GY-521 breakout board. Connecting it to an Arduino, ESP32, or Raspberry Pi requires only 4 basic wires:
Pin Label Pin Function Connection to Microcontroller (e.g., Arduino Uno)
VCC Power Supply Connects to 5V or 3.3V
GND Ground Connects to GND
SCL I²C Serial Clock Connects to SCL Pin (Analog A5 on Arduino Uno)
SDA I²C Serial Data Connects to SDA Pin (Analog A4 on Arduino Uno)
XDA Auxiliary Data Optional: Used to connect an external sensor (like a magnetometer)
XCL Auxiliary Clock Optional: Used to connect an external sensor
AD0 Address Select Optional: Changes the I²C address from 0x68 to 0x69
INT Interrupt Output Optional: Signals the MCU when new sensor data is ready

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